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Opioid Availability and Consumption in Belarus
In 1999 the following drugs were said not to be available in Belarus: codeine (tablets); tramadol (drops); morphine (oral preparations); midazolam (ampoules, tablets); clonazepam (ampoules); baclofen (tablets); lactulose (syrup); docusate sodium (tablets); X-prep (solution).⁴ Nevertheless, under the current rules, physicians can prescribe a patient with up to 70mg of morphine weekly.⁵
INCB data on opioid consumption in Belarus in 1998 report figures only for codeine (1 kg) and morphine (9 kg). The average daily consumption of defined daily doses of these drugs per million inhabitants between 1994-98 was codeine (1) and morphine (59).⁶
Average defined daily doses of morphine, Central and Eastern Europe (1994-1998)
Source: Clark D, Wright M (2002) Transitions in End of Life Care: Hospice and Related Developments in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Buckingham: Open University Press

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