| References and Further Reading from Cyprus pages |
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| References |
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Report of the United Nations Development Programme 2004 (HDI 2002). Launched by the United Nations in 1990, the Human Development Index measures a country's achievements in three aspects of human development: longevity, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. It was created to re-emphasize that people and their lives should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth. Current values range from 0.956 ( Norway, 1/177 countries) to 0.273 ( Sierra Leone, 177/177 countries). Countries fall into one of three groups: countries1-55=high development; 56-141=medium development; 142-177=low development.
See: http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/indic |
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Throughout this report, in order to avoid unintended misunderstandings, we have used the definitions and nomenclature used by the United Nations to describe the two communities of the Greek Cypriots in the south and the Turkish Cypriots in the north (also referred to in Reports by the Secretary General as the Greek Cypriot side and the Turkish Cypriot side). We may also refer simply to north and south. For details about the history of conflict and the ongoing negotiations towards a peaceful resolution between the Greek Cypriots in the south of the island and Turkish Cypriots in the north see United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in Cyprus UNFICYP website
See: http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unficyp/index.html |
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IOELC interview: Sophia Pantekhi - 2 February 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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Information from Cyprus Anti-Cancer Society http://www.anticancersociety.org.cy – as of 10 June 2005 |
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The terms ‘supportive care’ and ‘palliative care’ (or palliation) are used to denote different approaches to stages of treatment and illness, and the intention of care. There are a number of definitions in current circulation and some literatures use the terms interchangeably. We are following definitions of the care, generally considered appropriate to different stages of illness, broadly in accordance with the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) where supportive care = all care at all stages of illness. Palliative care = when no cure possible. End of life care = when death is imminent. See: http://www.esmo.org/ |
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Malas, S. (2003) From Cyprus, Palliative Medicine 17, 150 (Dr Simon Malas is a Specialist in Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Department of Oncology, Nicosia General Hospital) |
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Costello, J. and Christoforou, C. (2001) Palliative care in a Mediterranean culture: a review of services in the Republic of Cyprus, International Journal of Palliative Nursing 7:6, 286-289 |
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Bank of Cyprus Oncology Centre
See: http://www.bococ.org.cy/english-pdf/english.pdf |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Raziye Kocaismail – 3 August 2005 |
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Information about the Kemal Saracoglu Anticancer and Anti-leukaemia Association http://www.hri.org/news/cyprus/tcpr/2003/03-08-26.tcpr.html |
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Amounts given in local currency. Conversion rate into Intl $ at June 2005: CY£ 1 = $2.09 |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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The Cyprus Anti-Cancer Society budget information for 2004
http://www.anticancersociety.org.cy/cgi-bin/banner.cgi?url=http://www.anticancersociety.org.cy/ |
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See UNFICYP – Cyprus background
http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unficyp/background.html |
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Pitsillades, N. (1995) Palliative care in Cyprus, Hospice Bulletin, December. |
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IOELC interview: Sophia Pantekhi - 2 February 2005 |
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Ministry of Health, Cyprus: Medical Card General Regulations and Application for a Medical Card as of 10 June 2005 http://www.moh.gov.cy/moh/moh.nsf/medcard_en/medcard_en?OpenDocument |
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International Narcotics Control Board (2004) Narcotic Drugs: estimated world requirements for 2004. Statistics for 2002. New York: United Nations, 2004.
International Narcotics Control Board (2005) Report of the International Narcotics Control Board2004, United Nations: New York http://www.incb.org/incb/en/annual_report_2004.html |
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Selva, C. (1997) International control of opioids for medical use European Journal of Palliative Care 4(6), 194-198 |
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‘The term defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) replaces the term defined daily doses previously used by the Board. The S-DDDs are technical units of measurement for the purposes of statistical analysis and are not recommended prescription doses. Certain narcotic drugs may be used in certain countries for different treatments or in accordance with different medical practices, and therefore a different daily dose could be more appropriate.’ International Narcotics Control Board. Narcotic Drugs: estimated world requirements for 2004. Statistics for 2002. |
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The Middle East Cancer Consortium (MECC) was established in 1996 with the aim of setting up population-based cancer registries for member countries in order to monitor cancer incidence, mortality and epidemiology, promote preventative health policy and encourage research and educational links. (Silbermann, M. (2001) Perspectives for cancer epidemiology research in the Middle EastGastrointestinal Oncology, 4(2-3), 181-183).
The member countries as of July 2005 are Cyprus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Palestinian Authority and Turkey. (Freedman, L., Al-Kayed, S., Bassam Qasem, M., Barchana, M., Boyiadis, M., El-Najjar, K., Samy Ibrahim, A., Razzaq Salhab, A., Young, J.L., Roffers, S., Kahan, E., Harford, J., Silbermann, M. (2001) Cancer Registration in the Middle EastEpidemiology 12:1, 131-133. http://mecc.cancer.gov/registry.html
Cyprus joined MECC in May 1996; however since 1990 the Ministry of Health have run the Cyprus Cancer Registry (CyCR).
This country report was commissioned by MECC through the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, following the MECC conference in Larnaca, 2 – 3 February 2004
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IOELC interview: Sophia Pantekhi - 2 February 2005 |
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Kakas, J. and Pitsillides, B., Managing cancer pain at home: the experience of Cyprushttp://www.whocancerpain.wisc.edu/eng/10_2/cyprus.html (accessed 29/06/05) |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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Andronikou, A.(1998) The Cyprus Anti-Cancer Society, EAPC Newsletter No. 33, December. |
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The Cyprus Association of Cancer Patients and Friends information as of 10 June 2005 http://www.cancercare.org.cy/EN/ |
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Personal communication Kate Kottam 10 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Sophia Pantekhi - 2 February 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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Discussion MECC conference, Larnaca, Cyprus 2-3 February 2004 |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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Pitsillides, B. and Pitsillides, A. (2004) A virtual multidisciplinary team for terminal care, European Journal of Palliative Care 11(5), 202-203 (aspects of this paper have been presented at the following conferences; ‘Cancer care: focus on cancer pain’ at Limassol 28-31 May 1997; 8 th Congress EAPC at The Hague, Netherlands, April 2003; High Level Ministerial Conference: eHealth: ICT for Health at Brussels, 22-23 May 2003
(see also Pitsillides, A., Pitsillides, B., Samaras, G., et al. (2003) DITIS: a collaborative virtual medical team for home healthcare of cancer patients. In R.H. Istephanian, S. Laxminarayan, C.S.Pattichis (eds.) M-Health: emerging mobile health systems, London: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.) |
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IOELC interview: Maria-Christina Tchopourian – 10 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Sophia Pantekhi - 2 February 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Maria-Christina Tchopourian – 10 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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For details about the history of conflict and the ongoing negotiations towards a peaceful resolution between the Greek Cypriots in the south of the island and Turkish Cypriots in the north see United Nations Peacekeeping Mission in Cyprus UNFICYP website http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/unficyp/index.html Also see World Factbook: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ug.html |
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This refers to adult mortality risk, which is defined as the probability of dying between 15 and 59 years. |
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See: World Factbook http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ug.html |
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See: WHO statistics for Cyprus at: http://www.who.int/countries/en/ |
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Source: cited from Cancer Research UK, Information Resource Centre ‘Cancer in the EU: incidence and mortality in the European Union’ based on estimates in 2000. Accessed 29 th June 2005 http://info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/cancerineu/incidenceandmortality/ |
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Boyle, P. and Ferlay, J. (2005) Cancer incidence and mortality in Europe, 2004 Annals of Oncology 16: 481-488 |
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Source cited from UNAIDS 2004 Update on Cyprus at: http://www.unaids.org |
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Source: EMCDDA 2003 http://candidates.emcdda.eu.int/en/page70-en.html |
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Total health expenditure per capita is the per capita amount of the sum of Public Health Expenditure (PHE) and Private Expenditure on Health (PvtHE). The international dollar is a common currency unit that takes into account differences in the relative purchasing power of various currencies. Figures expressed in international dollars are calculated using purchasing power parities (PPP), which are rates of currency conversion constructed to account for differences in price level between countries. http://www3.who.int/whosis/country/ |
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IOELC interview: Jane Kakas - 8 April 2005 |
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Tandon A, Murray CLJ, Lauer JA, Evans DB. Measuring overall health system performance for 191 Countries, GPE Discussion Paper Series: No 30; WHO |
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See World Factbook: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ug.html |
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See World Factbook: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ug.html |
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See World Factbook: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ug.html |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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IOELC interview: Maria-Christina Tchopourian – 10 March 2005 |
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Pitsillides, B. (2003) From Cyprus Palliative Medicine 17, 121 (Barbara Pitsillides is a Specialist Palliative Care Nurse for PASYKAF) |
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IOELC interview: Neophyta Kouppi – 3 March 2005 |
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http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/en/
Stjernswärd J, Clark D. Palliative medicine – a global perspective. In: D. Doyle, G. Hanks, N. Cherny, K. Calman (eds.) Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
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