In Mozambique, the WHO World Health Report (2004) indicates an adult mortality11 rate per 1000 population of 613 for males and 519 for females. Life expectancy for males is 41.2; for females 43.9. Healthy life expectancy is 36.3 for males; 37.5 for females.12
HIV/AIDS is a huge burden for sub-Saharan Africa. Throughout the region in 2003, an estimated 23-27 million people were thought to be living with the disease which also caused up to 2.5 million deaths. This represents a huge loss and impacts significantly on health systems and social and family structures.
Mozambique has a high HIV prevalence, with the majority of new infections occurring among those under 29 years old. Estimates suggest that in Mozambique, between 980,000 and 1.7 million people were living with HIV/AIDS at the end of 2003. In the same year, up to 160,000 adults and children are thought to have died from the disease (Table 2).
Table 2 Country HIV and AIDS estimates, end 2003
Adult (15-49)
HIV prevalence rate
|
12.2%
(range: 9.4%-15.7%)
|
Adults (15-49)
living with HIV
|
1 200 000
(range: 910 000-1 500 000)
|
Adults and children (0-49)
living with HIV
|
1 300 000
(range: 980 000-1 700 000)
|
Women (15-49)
living with HIV
|
670 000
(range: 520 000-860 000)
|
AIDS deaths
(adults and children)
in 2003
|
110 000
(range: 74 000-160 000)
|
UNAIDS reports:
Without an aggressive response to HIV/AIDS, life expectancy is projected to drop from 50.3 to 36 years by 2010. Underscoring the seriousness of the epidemic, major political leaders consistently refer to HIV/AIDS as a major threat to the nation's development.
A National AIDS Council (NAC), chaired by the prime minister, was established in May 2000. A National Strategic Plan (2001–2003) was launched the same year. The plan for 2004–2009 is expected to be revised by June 2004. The NAC established a Partners´ Forum in 2003. Civil society's weak institutional and technical capacities, as well as lack of financial resources, have limited their effective involvement.
The World Bank has allocated US$ 5 million to develop the capacity of civil society organizations and an additional US$ 25 million to support their initiatives. The private sector will be mobilized and the Business Against AIDS network will be better supported with the World Bank grant and UN support.
More than US$ 500 million have been pledged or committed by the Global Fund, the Clinton Foundation and the World Bank MAP for the next five years. Mozambique will also benefit from the US Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), enabling a significant scale-up.13
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