| References and Further Reading from Nigeria pages |
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| References |
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Report of the United Nations Development Programme 2004 (HDI 2002). Launched by the United Nations in 1990, the Human Development Index measures a country's achievements in three aspects of human development: longevity, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. It was created to re-emphasize that people and their lives should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth. Current values range from 0.956 ( Norway, 1/177 countries) to 0.273 ( Sierra Leone, 177/177 countries). Countries fall into one of three groups: countries1-55=high development; 56-141=medium development; 142-177=low development.
See: http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/indic/indic_8_1_1.html |
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Personal communication: Olaitan Soyannwo – 25 March 2005. |
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IOELC interview: Olaitan Soyannwo – 4 June 2004. |
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IOELC interview: Olaitan Soyannwo – 4 June 2004. |
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Personal communication: Olaitan Soyannwo – 25 March 2005. |
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Personal communication: Olaitan Soyannwo – 25 March 2005. |
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IOELC interview: Olusola Fatunmbi – 4 June 2004. |
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International Narcotics Control Board (2004) Narcotic Drugs: estimated world requirements for 2004. Statistics for 2002. New York: United Nations, 2004. |
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‘The term defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) replaces the term defined daily doses previously used by the Board. The S-DDDs are technical units of measurement for the purposes of statistical analysis and are not recommended prescription doses. Certain narcotic drugs may be used in certain countries for different treatments or in accordance with different medical practices, and therefore a different daily dose could be more appropriate’. International Narcotics Control Board. Narcotic Drugs: estimated world requirements for 2004. Statistics for 2002. |
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Personal communication: Olaitan Soyannwo – 25 March 2005. |
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Africa gets its own hospice and palliative care association! HPCAU 2003;5(2): 4 |
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See: http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/pepfarfact.html |
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Merriman A. Hospice Uganda: 1993-1998. J Palliat Care 1999;15(1): 50-52. |
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Merriman A. History of Palliative care in Uganda. Hospice Africa Uganda Aspects: 1993-2003. In: Conference proceedings - Palliative Care: Completing the Circle of Care, 16- 17 Sept 2003. |
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Merriman A. Hospice Africa Uganda: 10 th Anniversary (1993-2003). In: Proceedings from Palliative Care: Completing the Circle of Care, 16 - 17 Sept 2003. |
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See: http://www.helpthehospices.org.uk/international/index.asp?submenu=1 |
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IOELC interview: Olaitan Soyannwo – 4 June 2004. |
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IOELC interview: Olusola Fatunmbi – 4 June 2004. |
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Personal communication: Olaitan Soyannwo – 25 March 2005. |
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See: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ni.html |
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This refers to adult mortality risk, which is defined as the probability of dying between 15 and 59 years. |
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See: WHO statistics for Nigeria at: http://www.who.int/countries/nga/en/ |
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http://www.unaids.org/en/geographical+area/by+country/nigeria.asp |
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Total health expenditure per capita is the per capita amount of the sum of Public Health Expenditure (PHE) and Private Expenditure on Health (PvtHE). The international dollar is a common currency unit that takes into account differences in the relative purchasing power of various currencies. Figures expressed in international dollars are calculated using purchasing power parities (PPP), which are rates of currency conversion constructed to account for differences in price level between countries.
See: this link |
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Tandon A, Murray CLJ, Lauer JA, Evans DB. Measuring overall health system performance for 191 Countries. GPE Discussion Paper Series: No 30; WHO |
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US Dept.of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication. Background Notes on Countries of the World 2003. Washington, DC: US Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, 2003. |
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World of Information Business Intelligence Report, 2001. Nigeria: Economy, Politics and Government. Business Intelligence Report: Nigeria 2001;1(1): 1-46. |
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http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ni.html |
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Kraxberger B. Geo-historical trajectories of democratic transition: The case of Nigeria. Geojournal 2004;60(1): 81-92. |
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Adesoji FA, and Moronkola OA. Changing social and cultural practices in the face of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. Africa Quarterly 2003;43(3): 55-60.
Gruber J, Caffrey M. HIV/AIDS and community conflict in Nigeria: implications and challenges. Social Science and Medicine 2005;60(6): 1209-18.
Harding R, Higginson IR. Palliative Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Appraisal. London: Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund, 2004.
See: www.theworkcontinues.org/pressroon/6_3.publications.htm
Harding R, Stewart K, Marconi K, O'Neill JF, Higginson IJ. Current HIV/AIDS end-of-life care in Sub-Saharan Africa: a survey of models, services, challenges and priorities. BMC Public Health Oct 2003; 3 :33 .
See: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/3/33
Hunter S. Black Death: AIDS in Africa. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
Sepulveda C. Habiyambere V, Amandua J, Borok M, Kikule E, Mudanga B, Ngoma, T, Solomon B, 2003. Quality care at the end of life in Africa. British Medical Journal 2003;327(7408): 209.
Stjernswärd J, Clark D. Palliative medicine – a global perspective. In: D Doyle, G Hanks, N Cherny, K Calman (eds.) Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
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