The Palestinian Authority population is comprised of around 1,324,991 million in the Gaza Strip (July 2004 est.: in addition, there are more than 5,000 Israeli settlers in the Gaza Strip), made up of the following ethnic groups: Palestinian Arab and other 99.4%, Jewish 0.6%. The West Bank population is around 2,311,204 made up of the following ethnic groups: Palestinian Arab and other 83%, Jewish 17%. The East Jerusalem population is around 402,900 (July 2004 est. in addition, there are about 187,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and fewer than 177,000 in East Jerusalem).

The population is predominantly young; 1998 figures estimated 50.4% <15 years old in Gaza and 45% <15 years old in the West Bank.³⁸

Religious groups in the Gaza Strip include: Muslim (predominantly Sunni) 98.7%, Christian 0.7%, Jewish 0.6%. In the West Bank religious groups include: Muslim 75% (predominantly Sunni), Jewish 17%, Christian and other 8%. ³⁹