Life expectancy in Russia is currently 58.4 for males and 72.1 for females (WHO 2002). Between 1990 and 1994, male life expectancy declined by 7 years to 57.3. Since currently around 60% more people are dying than are being born, the result has been a fall in population of 1.7 million people between 1992 and 1999. This rise in the rates of mortality is unprecedented in a 20 th century industrialised nation and very costly in human terms. 38 During the Soviet years, health indices improved significantly, partly due to improved living conditions. However, by 1991, health status was seriously compromised, as a result of failure to anticipate the increased significance of non-communicable diseases.
Population and life expectancy, Commonwealth of Independent States & Mongolia (2000)
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