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Report of the United Nations Development Programme 2004 (HDI 2002). Launched by the United Nations in 1990, the Human Development Index measures a country's achievements in three aspects of human development: longevity, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. It was created to re-emphasize that people and their lives should be the ultimate criteria for assessing the development of a country, not economic growth. Current values range from 0.956 ( Norway, 1/177 countries) to 0.273 ( Sierra Leone, 177/177 countries). Countries fall into one of three groups: countries1-55=high development; 56-141=medium development; 142-177=low development. See: http://hdr.undp.org/statistics/data/indic/indic_8_1_1.html

The Dream Centre – promotional leaflet

IOELC interview: Barbara Campbell-Ker – 11 Aug 2004

IOELC interview: Mandla Mtatembi – 9 Aug 2004 .

IOELC interview: Flora Kobotlo Modiba – 13 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Edith Khumalo – 10 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Patient A – 7 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Patient B – 7 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Patient C – 11 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Patient D – 11 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Patient F – 11 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Carer G – 11 Aug 2004.

Harding R, Higginson I.Executive Summary. Palliative Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Appraisal. London: The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund and King’s College London, 2004:4.

K Defilippi. South Coast Hospice: Integrated Community-Based Home Care. South Coast Hospice information leaflet, April 2002.

Part of the Washington-based Futures Group International, the POLICY Project aims to facilitate the development of policies and plans that promote and sustain access to high-quality family planning and reproductive health (FP/RH) services. The project also addresses HIV/AIDS and maternal health policy issues. See: http://www.policyproject.com/index.cfm

Centre for AIDS Development, Research and Evaluation (Cadre) on behalf of the POLICY Project. Integrated Community Home-based Care in South Africa: A review of the model implemented by the Hospice Association of South Africa. National department of health Government of South Africa, 2002. Report available in full at: http://www.policyproject.com/pubs/countryreports/SA_ Hospice.pdf

See: http://www.eldis.org/cf/search/disp/docdisplay.cfm?doc=DOC12596&resource=f1

IOELC interview: Barbara Campbell-Ker – 11 Aug 2004.

International Narcotics Control Board (2004) Narcotic Drugs: estimated world requirements for 2004. Statistics for 2002. New York: United Nations, 2004.

IOELC interview: Liz Gwyther – 7 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Sr Priscilla Dlamini - 12 Aug 04.

IOELC interview: Flora Kobotlo Modiba – 13 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Thembi Nyuswa – 8 Aug 2004.

Buckland P. Hospice in Southern Africa. In: C Saunders and R Kastenbaum (Eds) Hospice care on the International scene. New York: Springer Publishing Company, 1997:48.

Foundation for Hospices in sub-Saharan Africa. Challenging Times. Liverpool: NY, USA, 2000.

Hospice Palliative Care Association of South Africa. Annual Report. Presented to members at the 17 th annual general meeting, Rustenburg, 14 Aug 2004: 11.

Hospice Palliative Care Association of South Africa. Annual Report. Presented to members at the 17 th annual general meeting, Rustenburg, 14 Aug 2004: 9.

IOELC interview: Joan Marston – 21 Sep 2004.

Hospice Palliative Care Association of South Africa. Annual Report. Presented to members at the 17 th annual general meeting, Rustenburg, 14 Aug 2004: 6.

Hospice Palliative Care Association of South Africa. Annual Report. Presented to members at the 17 th annual general meeting, Rustenburg, 14 Aug 2004: 7.

IOELC interview: Kathleen Defilippi – 12 Aug 2004.

Mpanga Sebuyira L, Mwangi-Powell F, Pereira, J, Spence C. The Cape Town Palliative Care Declaration: home grown solutions for sub-Saharan Africa. J Palliative Medicine 2003;6(3): 341-343.

Africa gets its own hospice and palliative care association! HPCAU 2003;5(2): 4

See: http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/aids/pepfarfact.html

Press Release: R35 Million USAID for Hospice Palliative Care. See: Link

IOELC interview: Brenda Dass – 12 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: André Wagner – 30 Sep 2004.

O’Neill JF, Selwyn PA, Scheitinger H (Eds). A Clinical Guide to Supportive and Palliative Care for HIV/AIDS .US Department for Health and Human Services, 2003 edition.

Palliative Care in South Africa: Improving the care of patients with HIV/AIDS. Open Society Institute (undated).

‘The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund was created through public donation in the immediate aftermath of the death of the Princess in 1997. A global charity, it continues the Princess’s humanitarian work in the UK and overseas. By giving grants to organisations, championing charitable causes and creating new money for the charity sector, the Fund helps the most disadvantaged people change their lives. By the end of 2002, the Fund will have pledged £50 million on good causes’. Diana Palliative Care Initiative (2002) The Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund:21

See: www.theworkcontinues.org

See: http://www.helpthehospices.org.uk/international/index.asp?submenu=1

Foundation for Hospices in Sub-Saharan Africa,
See: http://www.fhssa.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=1

IOELCX interview: Elizabeth Gwyther 7 Aug 2004.

Hospice Palliative Care Association South Africa: Annual National Statistics 2003-2004. HPCA: 2004:34-36.

IOELC interview: André Wagner – 30 Sep 2004.

IOELC interview: Kathleen Defilippi 12 Aug 2004.

Elizabeth Scrimgeour. Honouring Sacred Spaces: Voicing Stories of Terminal Illness. Unpublished thesis submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Theology, University of South Africa, 2002:126.

Zorza R, Zorza V. A Way to Die. London: André Deutsch, 1980.

IOELC interview: Karen Hinton – 28 June 2002.

IOELC interview: Thembi Nyuswa – 8 Aug 2004.

Since her marriage, Margaret Lebish has been known as Margaret McGettrick.

Sylvia Poss is the author of Towards Death with Dignity: Caring for Dying People, published by Allen and Unwin, 1981.

See the forward written by David Clark in: Saunders C. Watch with Me: Inspiration for a Life in Hospice Care. Sheffield: Mortal Press, 2003: vii.

A history of the Hospice of Marin states:’ Hospice of Marin has a rich legacy of being the second hospice established in the United States [after Connecticut] and the first hospice on the West Coast. It was established by Dr. William Lamers Jr, Reverend John Thornton, and Barbara Hill Gonce in the early 1970s and with a growing staff of professionals and expanding co mmunity support, officially incorporated in March of 1975. Hospice of Marin has grown from an all-volunteer organization to its present staff of more than 150 employees committed to providing the full range of hospice services in Marin, Sonoma, and San Francisco counties. See: http://www.volunteersolutions.org/marin/org/1333734.html

Personal communication: Margaret McGettrick – 25 March 2005.

Report by Margaret Lebish to the TLC Group on Recent Activities : 9 March 1979.

The Junior Chamber International is a worldwide federation of young professionals and entrepreneurs between the ages of 19 and 40. The mission statement of JCI is ‘To contribute to the advancement of the global community by providing the opportunity for young people to develop the leadership skills, social responsibility, fellowship, and entrepreneurship necessary to create positive change’. See: http://www.jci.cc/members/info.php?lang_id=1&info_id=1000&sidebar_id=1000

The Hospice Association of the Witwatersrand. In: The Hospice Movement in South Africa: A Brief History. 2002:61.

IOELC interview: Barbara Campbell-Ker – 11 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Sibongile Mafata – 10 Aug 2004.

St Luke’s Hospice. A brief history of St Luke’s Hospice. In: St Luke’s Hospice Information Booklet, (undated).

IOELC interview: Richard Scheffer – 24 March 2005.

JP van Niekerk. Recollections. In: The Hospice Movement in South Africa: A Brief History. 2002:1.

IOELC interview: Meg Meyers – 7 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Meg Meyers – 7 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Jackie Schoeman – 11 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Zodwe Sithole – 12 Aug 2004.

IOELC interview: Marie Backeberg - 13 Aug 2004.

British History Online states: ‘St. Luke's hospital for advanced cases was opened in Osnaburgh Street, St. Pancras, in 1893 as a branch of the West London Mission. It moved to Hampstead in 1901, to Pembridge Square, North Kensington, in 1903, and to a new building with 48 beds in Hereford Road in 1923. Affiliated to St. Mary's in 1948, it had 42 beds for pre-convalescence and terminal care in 1981’.
British History Online. Source: Paddington: Public Services. A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume IX, T.F.T. Baker (Editor) (1989).

See: Link

See: http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sf.html

This refers to adult mortality risk, which is defined as the probability of dying between 15 and 59 years.

See: WHO statistics at: http://www.who.int/countries/zaf/en/

Total health expenditure per capita is the per capita amount of the sum of Public Health Expenditure (PHE) and Private Expenditure on Health (PvtHE). The international dollar is a common currency unit that takes into account differences in the relative purchasing power of various currencies. Figures expressed in international dollars are calculated using purchasing power parities (PPP), which are rates of currency conversion constructed to account for differences in price level between countries.

See: Link

IOELC interview: Elizabeth Gwyther – 7 Aug 2004.